This study aims to study economic preparation and analyze demographic, socioeconomic and health risk behavior factors influencing economic preparation of the elderly,by using secondary data from the Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveillance System in 2004, collected by the Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University. 4040 elderly individuals aged 50-64 years were selected as the sample. Data was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. The results of this study showed that the average age of this population is 55 years old. Most of the population are Thai and still living with their spouse. The majority of them have primary education, live in urban areas and are the household head. About 60% and 25% of elderly sample desired to live with their children and spouse, respectively. Almost all of them work in the agricultural sector and have a moderate economic status. Factors significantly influencing the economic preparation of the elderly are demographics (sex, age, nationality, marital status, education, being household head, elderly demand for housing), economics (household debt, household wealth index) and health risk behavior (smoking, drinking and no exercise). Suggestions from this study are to promote the elderly to work as long as they desire and to support the family to be the main caregiver.