The main purpose of this study is to explore the economic preparation of becoming elderly among farmers in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand. This research was a quantitative study using secondary data from the Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveillance System Project collected in Round 5 (2004), carried out by the Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University. People aged between 50 and 64 were selected as the study group. In total there were 1,079 people in the study. The qualitative approach was also employed through in-dept interviews with 11 older persons. Findings from this research revealed that only 1 in 4 respondents carried out economic preparations. The majority of these people had life insurance or health insurance. In addition, the logistic regression analysis showed that the average income per year and the amount of owned land for agriculture were crucial factors in farmers’ economic preparation. This implies that the major income of farmers without lands for agriculture relied on low wages from employment, which was insufficient for saving. Uneducated respondents and those who completed only Grades 1 to 4 were less likely to perform economic preparation than those with higher education. Furthermore, people living in uplands were significantly less likely to financially prepare than those in urban or semi-urban areas. The reason behind less preparation probably related to a higher expectation of their children for support. Another important finding was that the number of children living in the same household as the parents posed a negative impact on farmers’ financial preparation. This is likely to be due to the fact that these children were studying. Thus, the family would have increased financial burdens that world affect household saving.