The objectives of this research are to study the elderly living arrangements in rural villages based on a hypothesis that the living arrangements will change over time. The research places emphasis on analysis of the factors influencing the elderly living arrangement. There were three crucial points in the analysis; analysis of the living variables at the present time, analysis of the living variables in the past and analysis of the changes of living due to changed factors. Data was obtained from the long-term Research Project “Demographic Response to a Changed Environment in Nang Rong District, Burirum Province (1984-1994). The variables used in this research were population and household samples. A population sample of 2,596 elders still living between 1984-1994. We used the statistical analysis method was Multinomial Logistic Regression. The results of this research found that: the factors influencing living arrangement of the elderly in the present are gender, age, number of migrants in the household and the amount of land owned by the household. Factors influencing living arrangement of the elderly in the past are number of members, children, migrants in the household, amount of land owned and marital status of the elders. The changing factors influencing change in living arrangements of the elderly are changes in the number of members, children, young people and adults in the household, changes in marital status and occupation of the elderly. The main point found in this study is the elderly who live in households who have migrants are more likely to live alone. Therefore, this study suggest that, the government should promote various jobs in rural areas and these jobs will provided opportunities for sons and daughters to work and look after their elderly parents mean times.