This research aims to analyse household factors affecting employmentstatus of the elderly in Kanchanaburi province. The data were drawn from theKanchanaburi research project 2001 of the Institute for Population and SocialResearch, Mahidol University. The total number of representative sample is 3,985scattered in the urban and rural areas of the province. The household factors wereindicated by household head, household structure, household’s debts, household’sliving conditions, etc.The elderly’s working status are categorised into: notworking, working in the agricultural sector and working in the non-agriculturalsector. The assumption of the research is that there is a tendency for the elderlyliving in a nuclear family and living alone to work more than those living inextended family situations. Multinominal Logistic Regression was used as a statistical analysis. It wasfound that when controlled by demographic and social factors, such as age, gender,education, marital status and health, there is a probability that the elderly who arehousehold head, work more than those who are not household head. In addition,there is a probability that the elderly living in households that have debts workmore than those living in a family without debts. And those living in thehouseholds with good living conditions, work less than those with lower livingconditions, and those living in rural areas work in the agricultural sector more thanthose in urban areas. Other factors apart from these accord with the assumption thatthere is a tendency that the elderly living in nuclear familiesand living alone workmore than those living in extended families. The finding indicates that household factors are related to the working andnon-working status of the elderly. For example, more than half of the elderly livingalone are still working. And more than 50 percent of the elderly living in extendedfamilies do not work. Therefore, the elderly should be encouraged to participate inthe work that is suitable to their ability.